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1 доказать
гл. q. e. d. Q. E. D. что и требовалось доказать — which was to be proved, as was to be proved, this completes the proof,,доказывать вину; доказать вину — to prove guilt
Синонимический ряд:привести доказательства (глаг.) аргументировать; обосновать; привести доказательстваАнтонимический ряд: -
2 уличать
(кого-л./что-л.)
establish the guilt (of); (изобличать) expose* * ** * *уличать; уличить establish the guilt; expose* * *attaintcondemndiscloseinveighreveal -
3 доказать вину
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4 изобличение виновных
1) General subject: conviction of the guiltyУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > изобличение виновных
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5 уличать
1) General subject: condemn2) Religion: expose3) Law: criminate, incriminate, divulge4) Business: accuse5) Makarov: establish the guilt -
6 уличить
2) Law: criminate3) Makarov: establish the guilt, find out (кого-л.) -
7 уличать
уличить (вн.)establish the guilt (of); ( изобличать) expose (d.)уличать кого-л. во лжи — catch* smb. in a lie, catch* smb. lying, expose smb. as a liar
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8 уличить
см. уличать* * ** * *уличать; уличить establish the guilt; expose* * *attaintdiscloseinveighreveal -
9 уличать
несов. - улича́ть, сов. - уличи́ть; (вн.)1) ( устанавливать чью-л вину) establish the guilt (of)2) ( изобличать) expose (d)улича́ть кого́-л во лжи — catch smb in a lie, catch smb lying, expose smb as a liar
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10 уличать
несовер. - уличать; совер. - уличитьestablish the guilt (of); ( изобличать) exposeуличать кого-л. во лжи — to catch smb. in a lie, to catch smb. lying, to expose smb. as a liar
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11 sočìti
sočìti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `indicate, accuse'Church Slavic:Russian:Old Russian:Polish:soczyć `slander, abuse' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:sòčiti `establish the guilt of, reveal, find' [verb]Bulgarian:sočá `show, indicate' [verb]Lithuanian:sakýti `say' [verb]Latvian:Indo-European reconstruction: sokʷ-Page in Pokorny: 897Other cognates: -
12 Catholic church
The Catholic Church and the Catholic religion together represent the oldest and most enduring of all Portuguese institutions. Because its origins as an institution go back at least to the middle of the third century, if not earlier, the Christian and later the Catholic Church is much older than any other Portuguese institution or major cultural influence, including the monarchy (lasting 770 years) or Islam (540 years). Indeed, it is older than Portugal (869 years) itself. The Church, despite its changing doctrine and form, dates to the period when Roman Lusitania was Christianized.In its earlier period, the Church played an important role in the creation of an independent Portuguese monarchy, as well as in the colonization and settlement of various regions of the shifting Christian-Muslim frontier as it moved south. Until the rise of absolutist monarchy and central government, the Church dominated all public and private life and provided the only education available, along with the only hospitals and charity institutions. During the Middle Ages and the early stage of the overseas empire, the Church accumulated a great deal of wealth. One historian suggests that, by 1700, one-third of the land in Portugal was owned by the Church. Besides land, Catholic institutions possessed a large number of chapels, churches and cathedrals, capital, and other property.Extensive periods of Portuguese history witnessed either conflict or cooperation between the Church as the monarchy increasingly sought to gain direct control of the realm. The monarchy challenged the great power and wealth of the Church, especially after the acquisition of the first overseas empire (1415-1580). When King João III requested the pope to allow Portugal to establish the Inquisition (Holy Office) in the country and the request was finally granted in 1531, royal power, more than religion was the chief concern. The Inquisition acted as a judicial arm of the Catholic Church in order to root out heresies, primarily Judaism and Islam, and later Protestantism. But the Inquisition became an instrument used by the crown to strengthen its power and jurisdiction.The Church's power and prestige in governance came under direct attack for the first time under the Marquis of Pombal (1750-77) when, as the king's prime minister, he placed regalism above the Church's interests. In 1759, the Jesuits were expelled from Portugal, although they were allowed to return after Pombal left office. Pombal also harnessed the Inquisition and put in place other anticlerical measures. With the rise of liberalism and the efforts to secularize Portugal after 1820, considerable Church-state conflict occurred. The new liberal state weakened the power and position of the Church in various ways: in 1834, all religious orders were suppressed and their property confiscated both in Portugal and in the empire and, in the 1830s and 1840s, agrarian reform programs confiscated and sold large portions of Church lands. By the 1850s, Church-state relations had improved, various religious orders were allowed to return, and the Church's influence was largely restored. By the late 19th century, Church and state were closely allied again. Church roles in all levels of education were pervasive, and there was a popular Catholic revival under way.With the rise of republicanism and the early years of the First Republic, especially from 1910 to 1917, Church-state relations reached a new low. A major tenet of republicanism was anticlericalism and the belief that the Church was as much to blame as the monarchy for the backwardness of Portuguese society. The provisional republican government's 1911 Law of Separation decreed the secularization of public life on a scale unknown in Portugal. Among the new measures that Catholics and the Church opposed were legalization of divorce, appropriation of all Church property by the state, abolition of religious oaths for various posts, suppression of the theology school at Coimbra University, abolition of saints' days as public holidays, abolition of nunneries and expulsion of the Jesuits, closing of seminaries, secularization of all public education, and banning of religious courses in schools.After considerable civil strife over the religious question under the republic, President Sidónio Pais restored normal relations with the Holy See and made concessions to the Portuguese Church. Encouraged by the apparitions at Fátima between May and October 1917, which caused a great sensation among the rural people, a strong Catholic reaction to anticlericalism ensued. Backed by various new Catholic organizations such as the "Catholic Youth" and the Academic Center of Christian Democracy (CADC), the Catholic revival influenced government and politics under the Estado Novo. Prime Minister Antônio de Oliveira Salazar was not only a devout Catholic and member of the CADC, but his formative years included nine years in the Viseu Catholic Seminary preparing to be a priest. Under the Estado Novo, Church-state relations greatly improved, and Catholic interests were protected. On the other hand, Salazar's no-risk statism never went so far as to restore to the Church all that had been lost in the 1911 Law of Separation. Most Church property was never returned from state ownership and, while the Church played an important role in public education to 1974, it never recovered the influence in education it had enjoyed before 1911.Today, the majority of Portuguese proclaim themselves Catholic, and the enduring nature of the Church as an institution seems apparent everywhere in the country. But there is no longer a monolithic Catholic faith; there is growing diversity of religious choice in the population, which includes an increasing number of Protestant Portuguese as well as a small but growing number of Muslims from the former Portuguese empire. The Muslim community of greater Lisbon erected a Mosque which, ironically, is located near the Spanish Embassy. In the 1990s, Portugal's Catholic Church as an institution appeared to be experiencing a revival of influence. While Church attendance remained low, several Church institutions retained an importance in society that went beyond the walls of the thousands of churches: a popular, flourishing Catholic University; Radio Re-nascenca, the country's most listened to radio station; and a new private television channel owned by the Church. At an international conference in Lisbon in September 2000, the Cardinal Patriarch of Portugal, Dom José Policarpo, formally apologized to the Jewish community of Portugal for the actions of the Inquisition. At the deliberately selected location, the place where that religious institution once held its hearings and trials, Dom Policarpo read a declaration of Catholic guilt and repentance and symbolically embraced three rabbis, apologizing for acts of violence, pressures to convert, suspicions, and denunciation. -
13 responsabilità
f invar responsibilitylaw liabilityresponsabilità civile civil liabilityresponsabilità limitata limited liability* * *responsabilità s.f. responsibility; (dir.) liability: grave responsabilità, heavy responsibility; è una bella responsabilità prendere questa decisione, taking this decision is a serious responsibility; un posto di responsabilità, a responsible position; sotto la mia responsabilità, on my own responsibility; mi assumo la responsabilità, I take the responsibility upon myself; assumersi piena responsabilità per le conseguenze, to take (o assume o accept) full responsibility for the consequences; non mi prendo la responsabilità di farlo, I will not take the responsibility of doing it; attribuire la responsabilità di qlco. a qlcu., to hold s.o. responsible for sthg.; stabilire le eventuali responsabilità del disastro, to establish the possible responsibility for the disaster; declinare ogni responsabilità, to decline all responsibility for sthg.; dividere la responsabilità con altri, to share the responsibility with others // (amm.): responsabilità direttive, managerial responsibilities; avere la responsabilità di un ufficio, di un reparto, to be in charge of an office, of a department; responsabilità ufficiale, official responsibility // (dir.): responsabilità civile, civil liability; responsabilità penale, criminal liability (o responsibility); esonero dalla responsabilità, exemption from liability; responsabilità oggettiva, strict (o no-fault) liability; responsabilità personale, personal responsibility; responsabilità per fatto altrui, vicarious liability; responsabilità in solido, joint and several liability; responsabilità individuale, several liability // (dir. comm.): responsabilità limitata, illimitata, limited, unlimited liability; società a responsabilità limitata, limited (liability) company // ( assicurazioni): responsabilità civile auto (abbr. RCA), third party liability (insurance); responsabilità non coperta dall'assicurazione, excess liability.* * *[responsabili'ta]sostantivo femminile invariabile1) responsibility (di for)affidare la responsabilità di qcs. a qcn. — to give sb. responsibility for sth.
sotto la responsabilità di qcn. — under the supervision of sb.
2) (colpa) responsibility, guiltnon ha nessuna responsabilità per l'accaduto — he's not guilty o responsible for what happened
3) dir. liability"la direzione declina ogni responsabilità in caso di furto" — "the management disclaims all responsibility for loss due to theft"
•* * *responsabilità/responsabili'ta/f.inv.1 responsibility (di for); affidare la responsabilità di qcs. a qcn. to give sb. responsibility for sth.; un posto di responsabilità a position of responsibilities; sotto la responsabilità di qcn. under the supervision of sb.; prendersi le proprie responsabilità to face up to one's responsibilities2 (colpa) responsibility, guilt; non ha nessuna responsabilità per l'accaduto he's not guilty o responsible for what happened; la responsabilità è sua he's (the one) to blame3 dir. liability; società a responsabilità limitata limited liability company; "la direzione declina ogni responsabilità in caso di furto" "the management disclaims all responsibility for loss due to theft"responsabilità civile civil liability; responsabilità penale criminal liability. -
14 fak|t
m (G faku) fact- dziwny/niezwykły/znany/mało znany fakt a strange/peculiar/well-known/little-known fact- fakt bezsporny/niezbity an indisputable/irrefutable fact- suche/nagie/ustalone fakty dry/the plain/the established facts- fakt historyczny/naukowy/społeczny a historical/scientific/social fact- fakt dokonany a fait accompli- oparty na faktach based on fact a. the facts, factual- zgodny/niezgodny z faktami factual/nonfactual- po fakcie after the fact, afterwards- refleksja po fakcie an afterthought- literatura faktu non-fiction- stać się faktem to become fact- trzymać się faktów to stick to the facts- przeinaczać/przytaczać/ustalić fakty to distort a. twist/cite/establish (the) facts- popierać tezę/twierdzenie faktami to substantiate a thesis/statement- uprzedzać fakty (w narracji) to get ahead of one’s story; (przesądzać, przewidywać) to get ahead of oneself- fakt faktem a. (to) fakt admittedly, it’s true (that…)- liczyć się z faktami a. stawić czoło faktom to face the facts- ja tylko stwierdzam fakty I’m only stating the facts- fakty mówią same za siebie the facts speak for themselves- miał miejsce następujący fakt the following event(s) took place- dowodem jego zbrodni jest fakt, że… the fact that… proves his guilt- faktem jest, że budżet jest ograniczony, ale… it’s true that the budget is limited, but…- □ fakt prawny Prawo material factThe New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > fak|t
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15 stop|ień
m 1. (element schodów) (zewnątrz budynku) step; (wewnątrz budynku) stair- uwaga stopień! mind the step!- przeskakiwać po dwa stopnie naraz to go up/down two steps at a time2. (między dwoma poziomami) step- brzeg stopniami opadał ku morzu the shore dropped down to the sea in steps- kuć stopnie w skale to fashion steps in the rock3. (w hierarchii) rank- urzędnik wyższego stopnia an official of a higher rank, a senior official- stopień doktora a doctor’s degree- dosłużyć się stopnia kapitana to be promoted to the rank of captain4. (w klasyfikacji hierarchicznej) grade- nagroda pierwszego stopnia a first class award- oparzenie I/II/III stopnia a first/second/third degree burn5. (ocena wiadomości ucznia) mark; grade US- stopień z klasówki a class test mark- dostać dobry/słaby stopień to get a good/poor mark a. grade- stawiać stopnie to give marks a. grades- pytać na stopnie to give the class/pupils an oral test6. (jednostka) degree- stopnie Celsjusza degrees Celsius, centigrade- stopnie Fahrenheita degrees Fahrenheit- 40 stopni gorączki a temperature of 40 degrees (Celsius)- przeciwległy kąt ma 30 stopni the opposite angle is 30 degrees- stopień szerokości geograficznej a degree of latitude- stopień długości geograficznej a degree of longitude7. (poziom, intensywność) degree, extent- w znacznym stopniu to a considerable degree, to a large extent- w wysokim/najwyższym stopniu niepokojący extremely worrying- stopień zamożności społeczeństwa the degree of affluence- określić stopień czyjejś winy to establish the extent of sb’s guilt- test gramatyczny o wysokim stopniu trudności a grammatical test with a high degree a. level of complexity8. Jęz. degree- stopień równy, wyższy i najwyższy przymiotnika the positive, comparative, and superlative degree of an adjective- przysłówek w stopniu najwyższym a superlative adverb9 Muz. stepThe New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > stop|ień
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16 sanna
* * *I)(að), v.1) to assert, affirm (sannaði annarr, en annarr synjaði);2) to make good, prove (s. e-t með eiði, með jarteinum);s. e-t á e-n, á bendr e-m, to prove a charge against one (aldri var þat á mik sannat, at ek væri falsari);s. e-n at e-u, to prove one guilty, convict one, of something;3) refl., sannast, to prove true, hold good, turn out (nú mun þat s., er sagða ek þér);láta e-t á s., to let it be proved on oneself, to confess (lét hann á s., at hann myndi eigi sjálfr svá miklu orkat hafa).f. proof; only in pl. ‘sönnur’ (fá, finna sönnur á sínu máli).* * *1.að, [Goth. sunjon; Dan. sande], to prove, make good, affirm; sannaði annarr en annarr synjaði, some affirmed, some said no, Ilkr. ii. 216; seg þat satt vera er þú hefir sannat, 645. 61; þann órskurð sem vér höfum sinnt ok sannat, Stj. 3; þ:at finnsk í frásögn Ara ins fróða, ok eru þeir fleiri er þat sanna, at …, Fms. x. 275, þat skal nú sanna ( to shew) hversu þeir telja, id.:—s. e-u á e-u, to convict one of; aldri varð því enn á mik sannat, at ek væra falsari, ix. 262: sanna e-t á hendr e-m, to prove it against one; þeir sönnuðu þat honum á hendr, 625. 91, Al. 24; þá sannar hann sér skuld á hendi, N. G. L. i. 23; þá sannar hann sér stuld á hendr, 83; sönnuðu þeir þat mörgum orðum, 96; sanna e-t með eiði, Nj. 235, Dipl. ii. 16; s. með jarteinum, Fms. vi. 64; sanna frændsemis-töku, Grág. i. 28; sanna ek þat með þér, Sks. 64; þeir gátu enga sök sannaða, 656 C. 19; sanna mál e-s, Fms. vii. 230; þat sanna þ:ær tvær jarteinir, Blas. 40; láta sanna at dómi dauða þess er erlendr var, Grág. i. 190; sannat hefir Kjartan orðs-kviðinn, at hátíðir eru til heilla beztar, K. has made good the old saying, Ld. 176:—sanna e-n at e-u, to bring guilt home to one; eða sanna þá at því máli, to convict one, Lv. 77.II. reflex. to prove true, hold good, turn out: mí mun þat sannask es ek sagða þér, Nj. 6: at þat mundi sannask er faðir hans hafði mælt, Eg. 227; myndi þat sanuask ef Arinbjörn væri hér í landi, at vér myndim, 484:—láta á sannask, to let it be proved by oneself, to confess; nú lét hann á sannask fyrir Vermundi, at hann var valdr sauða-tökunnar, Rd. 243; hann lét á sannask, at hann myndi eigi sjálfr svá miklu orkat hafa, Fb. i. 523.2.u, f., only used in plur. sönnur, proofs, evidence; hann vann þar at margar sönnur, at …, Fms. ii. 282; hann bauð til þess sönnur, x. 418; finna sönnur á máli sínu (færa sönnur á e-ð). Band. 37 new Ed., Fb. ii. 23. -
17 win|a
f 1. (przewinienie) guilt, fault- dowieść czyjejś winy to prove a. establish sb’s guilt- przyznać się do winy to admit a. confess one’s guilt; (w sądzie) to plead guilty, to make a. enter a plea of guilty- nie przyznać się do winy to refuse to admit one’s guilt, to deny one’s guilt; (w sądzie) to plead not guilty, to make a. enter a plea of not guilty- odkupić/zmazać winę to expiate/atone for one’s guilt- próbował pomniejszać swoją winę he tried to lessen his guilt2. (odpowiedzialność za zły czyn) guilt, blame- nie poczuwam się do winy I don’t feel guilty, I feel no sense of guilt- obarczyć kogoś winą to lay a. put a. place the blame on sb- zrzucić a. zwalić winę na kogoś to shift the blame on sb, to pin the blame on sb- wziąć na siebie winę za coś to take a. shoulder the blame for sth- wziąć całą winę na siebie to take all the blame upon oneself- ponosić winę za coś to bear the blame for sth- poczucie winy sense of guilt- pozbyć a. wyzbyć się poczucia winy to divest oneself of guilt- wywoływać a. wzbudzać w kimś poczucie winy to make sb feel guilty- dręczyło ją poczucie winy she was haunted by (feelings of) a. racked with guilt- ogarnęło ją poczucie winy (a feeling of) guilt washed a. swept over her3. sgt (przyczyna złego) fault- czyja to wina? whose fault is it?, who is to blame?- to twoja wina it’s your (own) fault- to nie moja wina, że nie zdał it’s not my fault (that) he failed- to wszystko moja wina my fault entirely, it’s all my fault- nie z mojej winy through no fault of mine- z twojej winy spóźniliśmy się na pociąg because of you we missed the train- nie jesteś całkiem bez winy you’re not entirely blameless- □ wina nieumyślna Prawo unintentional guilt- wina umyślna Prawo deliberate a. intentional guiltThe New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > win|a
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18 nachweisen
v/t (unreg., trennb., hat -ge-)1. (beweisen) prove, show; jemandem etw. nachweisen prove that s.o. has done s.th.; jemandes Schuld / Unschuld nachweisen prove s.o.’s guilt / innocence, prove s.o. to be guilty / innocent; jemandem einen Irrtum nachweisen show that s.o. has made a mistake, point out a mistake to s.o.; sie konnten ihr nichts nachweisen they couldn’t prove anything (against her) ( oder prove that she had done anything wrong); bei der Obduktion konnten Spuren des Gifts in der Leiche nachgewiesen werden traces of the poison were detected in the body during the autopsy2. Amtsspr. (vermitteln) arrange* * *to prove; to demonstrate; to evidence* * *nach|wei|sen ['naːxvaizn]vt sep(= beweisen, aufzeigen) to prove; Staatsangehörigkeit, Identität auch to establish proof of; (TECH, MED) to detectdie Polizei konnte ihm nichts náchweisen — the police could not prove anything against him
dem Angeklagten konnte seine Schuld nicht nachgewiesen werden — the accused's guilt could not be proved (Brit) or proven
* * *nach|wei·sen1. (den Nachweis erbringen)▪ [jdm] etw \nachweisen to establish proof of sth [to sb]▪ jdm \nachweisen, dass... to give sb proof that...2. (beweisen)▪ jdm etw \nachweisen to prove sth to sb▪ jdm \nachweisen, dass... to prove to sb that...4. (darüber informieren)▪ jdm etw \nachweisen to give sb information about [or on] sth* * *unregelmäßiges transitives Verb provejemandem einen Fehler/Diebstahl nachweisen — prove somebody made a mistake/committed a theft
* * *nachweisen v/t (irr, trennb, hat -ge-)1. (beweisen) prove, show;jemandem etwas nachweisen prove that sb has done sth;jemandes Schuld/Unschuld nachweisen prove sb’s guilt/innocence, prove sb to be guilty/innocent;jemandem einen Irrtum nachweisen show that sb has made a mistake, point out a mistake to sb;sie konnten ihr nichts nachweisen they couldn’t prove anything (against her) ( oder prove that she had done anything wrong);bei der Obduktion konnten Spuren des Gifts in der Leiche nachgewiesen werden traces of the poison were detected in the body during the autopsy* * *unregelmäßiges transitives Verb provejemandem einen Fehler/Diebstahl nachweisen — prove somebody made a mistake/committed a theft
* * *v.to account for v.to verify v. -
19 вина
сущ.blame; fault; guilt; ( виновная воля) guilty mindбрать (принимать) на себя вину — to incur a guilt; shoulder a blame
вменять в вину — ( инкриминировать) to assign a guilt; (in)criminate; impute; inculpate
возлагать (перекладывать) вину — (на) to shift blame (to)
доказывать (устанавливать) чью-л вину — to determine (establish, find) smb's guilt
считаться невиновным, пока вина не будет доказана в установленном законом порядке — to be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law
вменяемый в вину — ( инкриминирующий) imputable; imputative; incriminating; incriminatory; inculpable; inculpatory
не по вине — ( кого-л) through no fault ( of smb)
(о)сознание (своей) вины — conscience (consciousness) of (one's) guilt; guilty conscience
ответственность за чужую вину — ( за действия других лиц) vicarious liability
- вина в соучастииучёт вины потерпевшего — consideration of the victim's fault (guilt) (of contributory guilt / negligence)
- вина в форме небрежности
- вина в форме умысла
- вина кредитора
- вина потерпевшего
- встречная вина
- контрибутивная вина
- личная вина
- неосторожная вина
- неумышленная вина
- смешанная вина
- умышленная вина
- явная вина -
20 устанавливать
установить (вн.)1. ( помещать) place (d.); тех. mount (d.), install (d.); rig up (d.); rig up (d.); ( о приборе) set* (d.)2. (устраивать, осуществлять) establish (d.)устанавливать связь (с тв.) воен. — establish communication (with), establish a connection (with), get* in touch (with)
устанавливать соприкосновение (с тв.) воен. — establish / make* contact (with)
устанавливать наблюдение (за тв.) — keep* under observation (d.)
устанавливать время, цену — fix the time, the price
установить чью-л. виновность — establish smb.'s guilt
- 1
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